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Mucin secretogogues. Mucins play a vital role in stabilizing the tear film and helping the tear film adhere to the ocular surface. Tavilermide (MIM-D3 ophthalmic solution, Mitogen Pharmaceuticals/Allergan) is a peptidomimetic that stimulates mucin-like production by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase systems involved with mucin production, which can also potentially aid in corneal healing. 23 In clinical trials, this topical medication improved symptoms and signs of DED in 28 days and had a favorable safety profile. 23 Thus far, the drug seems promising. Badawi D. A novel system, TearCare, for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of dry eye disease. Clin Ophthalmol. 2018;12:683-94.
ProKera™ is available as a device that can be placed on a patient’s eye in the office and has a ring that holds the amniotic membrane transplant (AMT) in place. The original ProKera™ is indicated for moderate to severe indications, including neurotrophic PED, severe infectious keratitis, post-PRK haze, and Salzmann nodular degeneration; however, Bio-tissue recently started offering the ProKera™ SLIM and ProKera™ PLUS. The ProKera™ SLIM is indicated for mild to moderate conditions, while the ProKera™ PLUS is recommended for severe indications that require longer treatment. Toyos R, Briscoe D, Toyos M. The effects of red light technology on dry eye disease due to meibomian gland dysfunction. JOJ Ophthalmol. 2017;3(5):555624.Perfluorohexyloctane. NovaTears (Novaliq) is a one-component eye drop containing 100% perfluorohexyloctane. This unique lubricant is a water- and preservative-free lipophilic liquid. NovaTears stabilizes the lipid layer and can improve signs of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), as well as symptoms and signs of DED ( Figure 3). 42-44 NovaTears is currently available in Europe and Australia in multidose bottles and is in Phase II clinical trials in the United States. 45
McDonald MB, Fumuso PW. Trehalose: A novel treatment for dry eye. Ocular Surgery News US Edition. July 10, 2018. Schaumberg DA, Nichols JJ, Papas EB, et al. The International Workshop on Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: report of the Subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for, MGD. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1994-2005.Dr. Akpek uses LipiFlow on a regular basis. “LipiFlow is expensive, but it’s also effective, especially for mild to moderate posterior blepharitis,” she says. “It’s a cleanup modality for resetting the glands. Its advantages are that it treats both the upper and lower lids and it’s painless. However, it does not treat anterior blepharitis, and in my experience, it does not work well for severe disease.” Nichols KK, Foulks GN, Bron AJ, et al. The International Workshop on Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: executive summary. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(4):1922-9.