After the death of his half-brothers Conrad IV in 1254, Frederick of Antioch in 1256 and Manfred in 1266, as well as the execution of his nephew Conradin in 1268, he was the last of the Hohenstaufen heirs. Bologna developed along the Via Emilia as an Etruscan and later Roman colony; the Via Emilia still runs straight through the city under the changing names of Strada Maggiore, Rizzoli, Ugo Bassi, and San Felice. On 24 July 1943, a massive aerial bombardment destroyed a significant part of the historic city centre and killed about 200 people. Piazza Santo Stefano is one of the most fascinating places in Bologna, the complex of seven churches overlooking the square is a masterpiece of religious architecture.

The pope's efforts to stimulate the decaying textile industry had little success, while he was more successful in reforming the tax system, liberalising trade [35] and relaxing the oppressive system of censorship.Though they’re less well-known than the wines from neighbouring areas, Bologna’s local wines are by no means inferior. Nowadays the university offers 101 different " Laurea" or " Laurea breve" first-level degrees (three years of courses), followed by 108 " Laurea specialistica" or " Laurea magistrale" second-level degrees (two years). The seat of the regional government is Fiera District, a tower complex designed by Japanese architect Kenzo Tange in 1985. If, on the other hand, you are planning a romantic dinner, “ Vicolo Colombina” and the “ Drogheria della Rosa” are the right restaurantsfor you. To visit bologna you can not choose better, the days between Christmas and New Year Eve are perfect.

Papal rule finally ended in the aftermath of Second War of Italian Independence, when the French and Piedmontese troops expelled the Austrians from Italian lands, on 11 and 12 March 1860, Bologna voted to join the new Kingdom of Italy. In 2000, it was declared European capital of culture [13] and in 2006, a UNESCO "City of Music" and became part of the Creative Cities Network.In a short time, "il Mulino" became one of the most interesting reference points in Italy for the political and cultural debate and established important editorial relationships in Italy and abroad. The Papal census of 1841 reported 10,000 permanent beggars and another 30,000 (out of a total population of 70,000) who lived in poverty. The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Bologna, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 53 min.

Many times we have led our friends to discover wonderful places and over the years we have created really exciting itineraries. Snow is not uncommon between late November and early March; one of the snowiest months of the past decade was February 2012. The cityscape is further enriched by its elegant and extensive porticoes, for which the city is famous.It has also shown a strong commitment to promoting music as an important vehicle for inclusion in the fight against racism and in an effort to encourage economic and social development. A wide range of regional cheese, cured meats and wine await gourmand in Bologna, with trattorias and market eateries dotting the well-preserved medieval centre. Many of the city’s restaurants have their own specialist sfoglina (fresh pasta chef), who rolls out and fills the deep yellow dough by hand – and watching them at work will make you want to ditch dried pasta packets for good. Porta Saragozza is for Bologna an architectural structure of great charm, which still today wears its ancient medieval clothes, despite the fact that it has undergone various restoration interventions over the centuries. In each article we propose a selection of accommodation chosen according to specific needs: from cost to location, not neglecting the services offered and the travel purpose.